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Antibiotic use in livestock is the use of antibiotics for any purpose in the husbandry of livestock, which includes not only the treatment or prophylaxis of infection but also the use of subtherapeutic doses in animal feed to promote growth and improve feed efficiency in contemporary intensive animal farming. Antimicrobials (including antibiotics and antifungals) and other drugs are used by veterinarians and livestock owners to increase the growth rates of livestock, poultry, and other farmed animals. The use of some drugs is banned in some countries due to food contamination or concern about increasing antibiotic resistance and what some consider antibiotic misuse. Other drugs may be used only under strict limits, and some organizations and authorities seek to further restrict the use of some or all drugs in animals. Other authorities, such as the World Organization for Animal Health, say that concerns for bacterial resistance in humans is overblown and restricting the availability of medicine is detrimental to animal health and the economical production of food.〔Hamaide, Sybille de la (11 January 2012) (Antibiotics for livestock vital to feed world: OIE ). Reuters. Paris. Retrieved 20 April 2015.〕 ==History of the practice== In 1910 in the United States, a meat shortage resulted in protests and boycotts.〔 This reference should be replaced with citations to a book later published by the same author *〕〔Reported locally in these: *"To Become Vegetarians", Mansfield (O.) ''News'', January 17, 1910, p2 *"150,000 at Cleveland Stop the Use of Meat" Syracuse ''Herald-Journal'', January 25, 1910, p1 *"Boycott on Meat is Rapidly Spreading; Men Who Are Blamed For High Price", Atlanta ''Constitution'', January 25, 1910, p1〕 After this and other shortages, the public demanded government research into stabilization of food supplies.〔 Since the 1900s, livestock production on United States farms has had to rear larger quantities of animals over a short period of time to meet new consumer demands. Along with the new large animal densities came the threat of disease, therefore requiring a greater disease control of these animals. In 1950, a group of United States scientists found that adding antibiotics to animal feed increases the growth rate of livestock.〔〔Ogle cites To meet this new consumer demand for animal meat, the improved health management has since introduced about seventeen classes of antimicrobial drugs is approved for use in food animals in the United States today. * *〕 American Cyanamid published research establishing the practice.〔 By 2001 this practice had grown so much that a report by the Union of Concerned Scientists found that nearly 90% of the total use of antimicrobials in the United States was for non-therapeutic purposes in agricultural production.〔(【引用サイトリンク】year=2001 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Antibiotic use in livestock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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